ABOUT FUTHARK RUNES

Runes are the mystical alphabet used by ancient European tribes 2000 years ago to name places and things, attract luck and fortune, provide protection, and magically divine the course of future events. Runes were carved onto stone or wood. The tools of the time such as the ax, knife, or chisel could not easily be used to form curved lines, so Runic letters were formed with straight lines only. Virtually all of Europe used them at one time, but today they are best remembered for their use by the ancient Norse: the Vikings.

The oldest known form and arrangement of Runic letters, the Elder Futhark runes, are estimated by the British Museum to have been in use by the Vikings around 200 A.D. Some believe it to be much earlier. In Norse, the Elder Futhark is read from right to left. "F U T H A R K" is the first 6 symbols of the Runic alphabet (note "th" is one letter).

The Runic alphabet is phonetic, each letter represents a sound, so double consonants are not used. Words spelled with pp, dd, ll, etc. would be spelled using a single p, d, or l in Runes.

Rune Symbol	Rune Name	Corresponding English Letter:	Meaning	Uses	Element
	Fehu	F	Wealth	Invites Wealth & Fulfillment of Goals	Fire
	Uruz	U	Strength	Invites Creativity & Wealth	Earth
	Thurisaz	TH	Force, Giant	Invites Strength for facing a Test, Difficulty or Powerful Enemy	Fire
	Ansuz	A	God, Ancestor, Devine Breath	Invites Devine Power, Luck & Inspiration	Air
	Raido	R	Journey, Wheel	Invites Renewal & Safe Journey - Physical or Spiritual	Air
	Kenaz	K, C or Q	Torch, Fire, Light	Manifests Character & Personality	Fire
	Gifu	G	Gift, Partnership	Invites Harmony, Joy & Generosity	Air
	Wunjo	W or V	Glory, Joy, Perfection, Wish	Invites Glory & Wisdom	Earth
	Hagalaz	H	Hail, Weapon of War	Carved Into Weapons of War	Ice
	Nauthiz	N	Need, Necessity	Invites Destiny, To Accomplish the Impossible	Fire
	Isa	I	Ice, Power	Invites Authority& Power; Symbol of Masculinity	Ice
	Jera	Y or J	Year, Harvest	Invites Long Term Success & Luck; Gardener's Rune	Earth
	Eihwaz	EI, AE	Yew Tree, Potential	Manifest Your Greatest Potential	Air
	Pertho	P	Secrets, Chance	Invites Birth of New; Success in Games of Chance	Water
	Algiz	Z or X	Protection	Invites Protection, Health & Happiness	Air
	Sowulo	S	Sun, Salvation	Invites Salvation, Spiritual Protection; Symbol of the Sun	Air
	Teiwaz	T	Creator, Spear, Tyr - The Norse God of Justice	Invites Strength of Purpose, Will Power & Resolution of Conflict	Air
	Berkana	B	Birch Tree, Beloved	Invites Romance, Healing & Protection	Earth
	Ehwaz	E	Horse, Friendship	Symbol of The Bonds of Friendship	Earth
	Mannaz	M	Mankind, Knowledge	Invites Self Knowledge & Manifests True Self	Air
	Laguz	L	Water, Lake	Invites Hope; Symbol of the Sustenance of Life	Water
	Inguz	NG or ing	Fertility, True Love	Invites True Love, Friendship & Lasting Partnerships	Earth
	Othila	O	Property, Homeland, Inheritance	Strengthens Family & Partnerships	Earth
	Dagaz	D	Day, Good Luck	Good Luck Charm; Invites Spiritual Growth	Fire / Air
Blank Rune	Odin's Rune		Unlimited Potential	Unlimited Potential

Common Norse Word Translations

ENGLISH	NORSE (Icelandic)	ENGLISH	NORSE (Icelandic)
And	OG	Life	LIF
Are	ERU	Love	AST
As	EINS	Loyalty	TRYGD
At	HJA	Luck	HEPNI
Battle	ORUSTA	Magic	TOFRAR
Be	VERA	Motive	HVOT
Believe	TRUA	My	MIN
Boldness	DIRFSKA	Mysteries	DULARFULUR
By	HJA	Night	NOT
Calm	LOGN	Of	AF
Calmness	ROLYNDI	Our	OKAR
Courage	HUGREKI	Peace	FRIDR
Day	DAGUR	People	THJOD
Determination	EINBEITNI	Power	KRAFTUR
Essence	EDLI	Pride	STOLT
Eternal	EILIFUR	Prophecy	SPA
Eternity	EILIFD	Prosperity	VELGENGNI
Faith	TRU	Protection	VERNDUN
Family	AETINGJAR	Respect	VIRDA
Feast	HATID	Riches	AUDAEFI
Fire	BRUNI	Soul	SAL
Focus	FOKUS	Spirit	ANDI
For	HANDA	Strength	AFL
Forever	EILIFT	Success	VELGENGI
Fortune	AUDUR	Through	I GEGN
Freedom	FRELSI	To	TIL
Friend(s)	VINUR	Together	SAMAN
Friendship	VINATA	Tranquility	RO
God	GUD	True	SANUR
Happiness	HAMINGJA	Trust	TRAUST
Happy	LUKULEGUR	Truth	SANLEIKUR
Health	HEILSA	Valor	HUGPRYDI
Heritage	ARFLEIFD	Victory	SIGUR
Honor	VIRDING	War	STRID
Hope	VON	Wealth	AUDUR
I	EG	Well-being	VELIDAN
Ice	IS	Who	SEM
In	I	Wisdom	VISKA
Is	ER	With	MED
It	THAD	You	THU
Joy	GLEDI	Yourself	THIG